Civil engineering is a professional
engineering discipline that deals with
the design, construction, and
maintenance of the physical and
naturally built environment, including
works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings. Civil engineering is the
oldest engineering discipline after
military engineering, and it was defined to distinguish non-military engineering
from military engineeri
ng. It is
traditionally broken into several sub- disciplines including environmental
engineering, geotechnical engineering,
geophysics, geodesy, control
engineering, structural engineering,
biomechanics, nanotechnology,
transportation engineering, earth science, atmospheric sciences, forensic
engineering, municipal or urban
engineering, water resources
engineering, materials engineering,
coastal engineering, surveying, and
construction engineering. Civil engineering takes place on all levels: in
the public sector from municipal
through to national governments, and
in the private sector from individual
homeowners through to international
companies.
