Laboratory consultancy of Bangladesh

10/05/2026

17/01/2026

Sahli's haemoglobinometer is used to determine haemoglobin content in blood samples by converting haemoglobin into hematin acid and then diluted produces hematin acid colour which matches with the comparator.

22/05/2025

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) t
1. Objective
The objective of this test was to determine the average concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cells, aiding in the diagnosis of types of anemia.
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2. Principle
MCHC reflected the hemoglobin content relative to the size of the cell (i.e., its concentration). It was calculated using the formula:
MCHC (g/dL)=(Hemoglobin (g/dL)×100Hematocrit (%))\text{MCHC (g/dL)} = \left( \frac{\text{Hemoglobin (g/dL)} \times 100}{\text{Hematocrit (\%)}} \right)MCHC (g/dL)=(Hematocrit (%)Hemoglobin (g/dL)×100)
It helped differentiate between hypochromic, normochromic, and rarely hyperchromic anemias.
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3. Materials
• EDTA anticoagulated blood sample
• Automated hematology analyzer or
• Manual tools for hemoglobin (e.g., Sahli’s method) and hematocrit (e.g., microhematocrit centrifuge)
• Calculator (for manual calculation)
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4. Procedure
1. A venous blood sample was collected in an EDTA tube.
2. The hemoglobin level and hematocrit value were obtained using an automated analyzer or manual methods.
3. MCHC was calculated using the formula above.
4. Results were interpreted against the reference range.
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5. Result
• Normal MCHC: 32–36 g/dL (Normochromic)
• MCHC < 32 g/dL: Hypochromic (e.g., iron deficiency anemia)
• MCHC > 36 g/dL: Hyperchromic (rare; seen in hereditary spherocytosis or lab errors)
Example: A patient with 12 g/dL hemoglobin and 36% hematocrit had an MCHC of 33.3 g/dL (normochromic).

20/05/2025

আলহামদুলিল্লাহ।
বাস্তবায়ন চাই ✊

যারা টেকনোলজিস্ট পেশা নিয়ে কাজ করতেছেন সকলকে অসংখ্য ধন্যবাদ। 🥰

17/05/2025

রক্তাল্পতা এবং রক্তাল্পতার প্রকারভেদ:🩸
অঙ্গ এবং টিস্যুতে অক্সিজেন বহন করার জন্য শরীরে পর্যাপ্ত হিমোগ্লোবিন না থাকলে রক্তাল্পতা দেখা দেয়।
গুরুতর ক্ষেত্রে, রক্তাল্পতা শিশুদের জ্ঞানীয় এবং মোটর বিকাশে দুর্বলতা সৃষ্টি করতে পারে। এটি গর্ভবতী মহিলাদের এবং তাদের শিশুদের জন্যও সমস্যা তৈরি করতে পারে।
অপুষ্টি, সংক্রমণ, দীর্ঘস্থায়ী রোগ, অতিরিক্ত মাসিক, গর্ভাবস্থার সমস্যা এবং পারিবারিক ইতিহাসের কারণে রক্তাল্পতা হতে পারে। এটি প্রায়শই রক্তে আয়রনের অভাবের কারণে হয়।

15/05/2025

14/05/2025

08/05/2025

APPROACH TO LEUKEMIA
🔬 When a patient presents with constitutional symptoms (fever, chills, night sweats, weight loss) + hepatosplenomegaly, always think:
CBC + Peripheral Smear → Blasts on smear?

Let’s break it down:

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⚡ Step 1: Lymphoid vs Myeloid Lineage?
Use flow cytometry and morphology.

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☄️ Lymphoid Leukemias:

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
→ Bone marrow biopsy: >20% lymphoblasts
→ Assess for Philadelphia chromosome
→ ✅ If positive: Dasatinib/Nilotinib + HSCT
→ 🧪 Treat with Hyper-CVAD (multi-agent chemo)
Textbook tip: Most common in children. Good prognosis with early treatment!

Hairy Cell Leukemia
→ Seen with leukopenia, and “hairy” projections on smear
→ Treat with Cladribine
Rare B-cell leukemia, often presents with splenomegaly and pancytopenia

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
→ Mature lymphocytosis + smudge cells on smear
→ CD5/CD23+ B-cells confirmed by flow cytometry
→ Treat with Fludarabine + Chlorambucil
Watchful waiting in asymptomatic patients is appropriate

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🔥 Myeloid Leukemias:

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
→ Bone marrow biopsy: >20% myeloblasts
→ Treat with 7+3 (cytarabine + anthracycline), ± HSCT
Classically seen in older adults. Auer rods on smear are hallmark!

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL)
→ Atypical promyelocytes on smear
→ Treat with ATRA (All-Trans Retinoic Acid)
→ Medical emergency due to DIC risk
Associated with t(15;17) translocation

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
→ WBC >100,000, granulocytes on smear
→ Confirm with Philadelphia chromosome (t(9;22)) via FISH
→ Treat with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (Imatinib/Dasatinib)
→ If in blast crisis: Add HSCT
Triphasic disease: chronic → accelerated → blast phase

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📌 High-Yield Notes:
1.Always differentiate acute vs chronic by blast percentage
2.Philadelphia chromosome is present in both CML and Ph+ ALL
3.CLL is the most common leukemia in elderly adults
4.AML is associated with benzene exposure and prior chemo
5.APL needs urgent ATRA due to high coagulopathy ris