20/09/2022
LIBs versus LMBs
Lithium metal battery technology has become safer and more stable after decades of development.
Over the past 40 years, lithium metal batteries have gone through four stages. The earliest liquid lithium metal batteries in the 1980's had insufficient safety. Later, solid-state lithium metal batteries that appeared in the mid-1990's had improved in terms of safety, but their performance, energy density, and manufacturability became worse. In 2010, a new liquid electrolyte with high concentration of solvent in salt appeared, which can be used in lithium metal batteries to make them more safe and stable. Recently, starting in 2019, new intelligent control software has appeared that can monitor the health of lithium metal batteries very accurately.
In lithium metal batteries, the anode material is made of lithium metal. Lithium metal anode is known as the "holy grail" electrode for secondary lithium-ion batteries due to its higher capacity (3860 mAh/g) and the most negative potential (-3.040 V vs standard hydrogen electrode). In theory, lithium metal batteries have twice the energy density of conventional lithium-ion batteries, but have the disadvantages of lithium dendrites, powdering, and stability against air and oxygen.
From the first generation of non-rechargeable lithium metal primary batteries to lithium-ion batteries, to lithium metal secondary batteries in R&D experiments, the development of lithium-ion batteries has been moving towards a safer and higher energy density direction.
Read more: https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/02/24/1018102/lithium-metal-batteries-electric-vehicle-car/
