Pakistan Minerals Market "پاکستان معدنیات منڈی"

Pakistan Minerals Market "پاکستان معدنیات منڈی" The normally excludes compounds that occur only in living beings. However some minerals are often (such as) or are in the sense of chemistry (such as).

Moreover, living beings often synthesize inorganic minerals (such as) that also occur in rocks.

24/06/2023

Daimond quartz
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30/05/2023

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  Jaspillite, or jaspilite also itabirite, is a chemical rock formed similar to chert, but is generally quite iron rich....
30/06/2022


Jaspillite, or jaspilite also itabirite, is a chemical rock formed similar to chert, but is generally quite iron rich. It is also known as jasper taconite. Jaspillite is typically a banded mixture of hematite and quartz common in the banded iron formation rocks of Proterozoic and Archaean age in the Canadian shield.

Jaspillite is also formed as exhalative chemical sediments in certain lead-zinc ore deposits, and as a hydrothermal alteration facies around submarine volcanism.
It is used as a gemstone.
cathode scrap wire

 Rutilated quartz is a variety of quartz which contains acicular (needle-like) inclusions of rutile.[1] It is used for g...
24/06/2022


Rutilated quartz is a variety of quartz which contains acicular (needle-like) inclusions of rutile.[1] It is used for gemstones. These inclusions mostly look golden, but they also can look silver, copper red or deep black. They can be distributed randomly or in bundles, which sometimes are arranged star-like, and they can be sparse or dense enough to make the quartz body nearly opaque. While otherwise inclusions often reduce the value of a crystal, rutilated quartz is valued for the quality and beauty of these inclusions.

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  ٹوپاز جسے اردو میں پکھراج کہتے ہیں ، ایلومینیم دھات اور ایک بے رنگ گیس فلورین کا مرکب ہے ۔ یہ پتھر ہیرے سے مشابہت رکھت...
09/04/2022


ٹوپاز جسے اردو میں پکھراج کہتے ہیں ، ایلومینیم دھات اور ایک بے رنگ گیس فلورین کا مرکب ہے ۔ یہ پتھر ہیرے سے مشابہت رکھتا ہے ۔ لفظ Topazعام طور پر قرون وسطی کی فرانسیسی زبان کے لفظ Topaceسے نکلا ہے جس کے معنی ہیں چمکیلا پتھر۔

سنسکرت زبان کے لفظ Topasسے بھی اس لفظ کوماخوذ کیا گیا ہے جس کے معنی گرمائش اور آگ ہیں۔ تحقیق کے مطابق سب سے پہلا پکھراج پتھر آج سے ہزاروں سال پہلے بحیرہ قلزم (Red Sea)میں دریافت کیا گیا تھا۔ اس پتھر کی اہمیت کا اندازہ یوں بھی لگایا جا سکتا ہے کہ اس پتھر کاذکر بائبل میں بھی آیا ہے۔

انجیل میں اس پتھر کولفظ Assyrian سے مخاطب کیا گیا ہے جس کے معنی روشنی کے ہیں۔ پرانے وقتوں کے بادشاہ اس پتھر کو اپنے سے کے تاج اور تلواروں کے دستوں کی زینت بناتے تھے۔
سب سے وزنی پکھراج پتھر کا نام امریکی سنہری پکھراج The American Golden Topaz ہے اس کا وزن قریباََ 22,892.5 قیراط ہے جو اس وقت واشنگٹن کے عجائب گھر میںموجود ہے اوریہ پتھر برازیل کے کان کنی کے علاقے Geraisسے دریافت کیا گیا تھا۔

پکھراج مختلف رنگوں میں پایا جاتا ہے جن میں گہرا سنہری پیلا اور گلابی پکھراج زیادہ قابل قدر ہیں۔ سبز اور نیلے رنگ کے پکھراج بھی اب دور حاضر میںبہت مقبول ہو رہے ہیں۔ قدرتی گلابی پتھر بہت نایاب ہیں۔ زیادہ تر بے رنگ پکھراج پتھروں کو تابکاری اور حرارتی عمل سے گزارا جاتا ہے تاکہ نیلے پکھراج بنائے جا سکیں اور یہ پکھراج کم قیمت میںدستیاب ہیں۔

خواص:
پکھراج پتھر میں چند خاص کیمیائی اجزاءہوتے ہیں جسے کہ لوہا ، سلیکا، المونیا، فلورین اور مینگنیز وغیرہ ۔ پکھراج پتھر کا مزاج سرد اور ذائقہ ترش ہے۔ اس کے پتھر کے سخت پن کا موہ سکیل 8.0 تک ہوتا ہے۔
خواص:
یہ ایک شفاف پتھر ہے جس کی کثافت 3.49تا 3.57 ہوتی ہے۔ یہ پتھر آتش فشاں کے عمل سے بنا ہوا ہوتا ہے اس لیے یہ پتھر سلیکان کی ایک قسم سے تعلق رکھتا ہے۔ اس پتھر کو سخت ترین پتھروں میں سے ایک مانا جاتا ہے۔ اس پتھر کا کیمیائی فارمولا ایلومینیم فلوروہائیڈرو آکسل سلیکیٹ Al2SiO4(F,OH)2ہے۔

  Nickel is a chemical element with the symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slig...
14/03/2022


Nickel is a chemical element with the symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel belongs to the transition metals and is hard and ductile. Pure nickel, powdered to maximize the reactive surface area, shows a significant chemical activity, but larger pieces are slow to react with air under standard conditions because an oxide layer forms on the surface and prevents further corrosion (passivation). Even so, pure native nickel is found in Earth's crust only in tiny amounts, usually in ultramafic rocks,[4][5] and in the interiors of larger nickel–iron meteorites that were not exposed to oxygen when outside Earth's atmosphere.










  Cobalt is a chemical element with the symbol Co and atomic number 27. Like nickel, cobalt is found in the Earth's crus...
29/01/2022


Cobalt is a chemical element with the symbol Co and atomic number 27. Like nickel, cobalt is found in the Earth's crust only in a chemically combined form, save for small deposits found in alloys of natural meteoric iron. The free element, produced by reductive smelting, is a hard, lustrous, silver-gray metal.




















Ironstone is a sedimentary rock, either deposited directly as a ferruginous sediment or created by chemical replacement,...
26/01/2022

Ironstone is a sedimentary rock, either deposited directly as a ferruginous sediment or created by chemical replacement, that contains a substantial proportion of an iron ore compound from which iron (Fe) can be smelted commercially. Not to be confused with native or telluric iron, which is very rare and found in metallic form, the term ironstone is customarily restricted to hard, coarsely banded, non-banded, and non-cherty sedimentary rocks of post-Precambrian age. The Precambrian deposits, which have a different origin, are generally known as banded iron formations. The iron minerals comprising ironstones can consist either of oxides, i.e. limonite, hematite, and magnetite; carbonates, i.e. siderite; silicates, i.e. chamosite; or some combination of these minerals.








  Manganese is a chemical element with the symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is a hard brittle silvery metal, often fou...
25/01/2022


Manganese is a chemical element with the symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is a hard brittle silvery metal, often found in minerals in combination with iron. Manganese is a transition metal with a multifaceted array of industrial alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels. It improves strength, workability, and resistance to wear. Manganese oxide is used as an oxidising agent, as a rubber additive, in glass making, fertilisers, and ceramics. Manganese sulfate can be used as a fungicide.



















  Chromium is a chemical element with the symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is the first element in group 6. It is a st...
21/01/2022


Chromium is a chemical element with the symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is the first element in group 6. It is a steely-grey, lustrous, hard, and brittle transition metal.[4] Chromium is the main additive in stainless steel, to which it adds anti-corrosive properties. Chromium is also highly valued as a metal that is able to be highly polished while resisting tarnishing. Polished chromium reflects almost 70% of the visible spectrum, and almost 90% of infrared light.[5] The name of the element is derived from the Greek word χρῶμα, chrōma, meaning color,[6] because many chromium compounds are intensely colored.

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