06/02/2026
A fungus can eat one of the world's toughest plastics.
Scientists discovered that Aspergillus tubingensis, a fungus found in a landfill in Pakistan, can break down polyurethane — a plastic used in products ranging from insulation and furniture to shoes, coatings, and synthetic leather.
Normally, polyurethane can persist in the environment for hundreds of years.
But this fungus appears to attack it surprisingly quickly.
Researchers found that the fungus grows directly on the plastic's surface and releases enzymes that weaken its chemical bonds. As the plastic begins to break apart, the fungus effectively digests the material.
Using scanning electron microscopes, scientists observed the fungus colonising the plastic, leaving behind cracks, scars, and erosion across its surface.
In laboratory tests, polyurethane films exposed to the fungus were broken down into smaller fragments within two months.
The discovery was so unusual that the researchers described it as the first known report of Aspergillus tubingensis degrading polyurethane.
Scientists call this approach "mycoremediation" — using fungi to remove environmental pollutants.
And Aspergillus tubingensis isn't alone. Other fungi have been found that can survive on plastic as their primary food source, even in oxygen-poor environments such as landfills.
Scientists are now studying fungal enzymes for potential large-scale applications, including bioreactors and plastic-degrading technologies that could help tackle the growing plastic waste crisis.
If successful, these fungi could offer a natural and relatively low-cost way to help reduce the billions of tons of plastic accumulating around the world.
Read the study:
“Biodegradation of Polyester Polyurethane by Aspergillus tubingensis." Environmental Pollution