Digital electronic

23/08/2026

I have made both app and hardware. Esp32 PCB with 7 relays and mobile app with 20 buttons

23/08/2026

08/08/2026

Menu without touch.

05/08/2026

The power of stm32f4. Playing video so well

31/05/2026

Anatomy of a Smart Bluetooth Pulse Oximeter: At the heart of the device is an STM32 BLE microcontroller, which serves as the main processor, handling sensor data acquisition, SpO₂ and heart-rate calculations, TFT display control, and Bluetooth Low Energy communication with mobile applications. The MAX30100 sensor performs the actual pulse oximetry function by using red and infrared LEDs along with a photodetector to measure blood oxygen saturation and pulse rate. A 24C32 EEPROM provides non-volatile memory for storing calibration data, user settings, device configuration, and historical records, ensuring data is retained even when power is removed. The battery gauge continuously monitors battery voltage, capacity, charge status, and remaining runtime, enabling accurate battery percentage indication. To ensure safety, a dedicated battery protection IC safeguards the Li-ion battery against overcharging, over-discharging, overcurrent, and short-circuit conditions. User information such as SpO₂, heart rate, battery status, and device connectivity is displayed on an SPI TFT LCD connected to the STM32 through SPI lines (SCK, MOSI, CS, DC, and RST). Together, these components form a compact, reliable, and intelligent healthcare monitoring device suitable for portable and wearable applications.

30/05/2026

💡 ESP32 PWM-Based Bulb Brightness Controller

This project demonstrates smooth brightness control of a 12V incandescent bulb using an ESP32, an IR2110 MOSFET driver, and an IRF540 power MOSFET.

The potentiometer is connected to the ESP32 ADC input, allowing the microcontroller to continuously read the user's brightness setting. Based on the ADC value, the ESP32 generates a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal.

The IR2110 acts as a gate driver, providing the current and switching performance required to drive the IRF540 efficiently. The MOSFET then switches the bulb at high speed, while the PWM duty cycle determines the average power delivered to the load.

How PWM Controls Brightness:

• 10% Duty Cycle → Dim Light
• 50% Duty Cycle → Medium Brightness
• 90% Duty Cycle → Near Full Brightness

By adjusting the PWM duty cycle instead of reducing voltage through resistors, the system achieves efficient power control with minimal energy loss.

Components Used:
✓ ESP32
✓ IR2110 MOSFET Driver
✓ IRF540 MOSFET
✓ Potentiometer
✓ 12V Bulb
✓ 12V Power Supply

This is a simple but effective example of how PWM can be used for power control in lighting, motor speed control, heating systems, and industrial automation applications.

Need a custom ESP32-based control system? We can help design the hardware, firmware, and production-ready PCB.

30/05/2026

4-Axis Motion Control Board

This is how we built a complete 4-axis stepper motor controller on a single PCB.

The design integrates an STM32F103 microcontroller, four independent stepper motor driver channels, a high-efficiency power supply section, communication interfaces, and a TFT display for real-time monitoring and control.

Key Design Elements:

• 24V Industrial Power Input
• Integrated Buck Converter for 5V and 3.3V Rails
• Four High-Performance Stepper Driver Channels
• STM32-Based Motion Control Engine
• TFT Graphical User Interface
• UART, I2C, SPI, and GPIO Expansion Ports

Building reliable motion-control hardware requires careful attention to power integrity, thermal management, PCB layout, signal routing, and firmware architecture.

Whether you need a custom CNC controller, automation board, machine controller, or a specialized motion-control solution, our team can help transform your concept into a production-ready product.

Have an idea for a motion-control project? Let's discuss it.

30/05/2026

Today we're looking at the architecture of a typical industrial controller board.

Main Components:

✅ STM32 Microcontroller
The brain of the system. Handles user input, motor control, communication, and overall logic.

✅ Stepper Motor Driver IC
Receives STEP and DIR signals from the STM32 and drives the motor with precise positioning control.

✅ Buck Converter
Converts the input voltage (12V/24V) into stable 5V and 3.3V rails for the electronics.

✅ TFT Display
Provides a user-friendly interface for configuration, status monitoring, and diagnostics.

System Flow:

24V Input → Buck Converter → STM32 + TFT

STM32 → Stepper Driver → Stepper Motor

This architecture is widely used in CNC machines, automation systems, dosing machines, packaging equipment, and smart industrial products.

Question for engineers:

Which STM32 series would you choose for this design: F103, F4, G0, or H7?

08/05/2026

Building a modern smart home controller is now very easy using the ESP32-S3. It is one of the best options because it has powerful processing, built-in WiFi and Bluetooth, and supports large memory like 8MB Flash and 8MB PSRAM for smooth graphics and fast performance.

For the display and GUI, we use LVGL graphics library with TFT LCDs such as the ILI9341. LVGL allows developers to create beautiful modern interfaces with animations, buttons, sliders, icons, dark themes, and touchscreen controls.

The controller connects to the internet through WiFi and communicates with cloud servers using HTTP requests. Platforms like Google Firebase are excellent for real-time smart home control and data synchronization.

Data is usually sent and received in JSON format because it is lightweight and easy to manage. The controller can control relays, lights, fans, sensors, and many other smart devices from anywhere in the world.

A typical smart home controller PCB includes:
• ESP32-S3 module
• LCD touchscreen
• Relay outputs
• Power supply circuit
• USB programming port
• Screw terminals
• Protection circuitry

With ESP32-S3 + LVGL + Firebase, developers can create premium smart home products with beautiful UI and powerful cloud connectivity at a very low cost.

29/04/2026

Esp32 smart home board idea