Ethiocon

22/01/2026

20/01/2026

08/11/2025

29/09/2025

The highest bridge in China, and the world,
The Huajiang Canyon Bridge #花江峡谷大桥) 625 from the bridge deck to the bottom of the gorge. Longest span 1,420 m

25/09/2025

05/09/2025

Celebrating my 7th year on Facebook. Thank you for your continuing support. I could never have made it without you. 🙏🤗🎉

05/09/2025

22/08/2025

Cost of Construction

Construction cost is divided into different categories that togetherdetermine the overall project budget.

Below is a breakdown of the maincomponents:

• Materials (55-60%): The largest portion of construction cost goes intomaterials such as cement, bricks, steel, aggregates, wood, paints, etc.

• Labour (25-30%): Covers wages of skilled and unskilled workers includingmasons, carpenters, electricians, plumbers, and helpers.

• Professional Fees (5-10%): This includes fees for architects, engineers,project managers, and consultants.

• Permissions & Legal (2-5%): Covers statutory approvals, governmentpermissions, licenses, and legal documentation.

• Contingencies (5-10%): Allocated for unforeseen expenses, designchanges, or price fluctuations in materials and labour.

By understanding this breakdown, builders and homeowners can bettermanage their budget and ensure cost-effective construction planning.

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