10/07/2023
Renewable energy or sustainable energy had a huge list of possible options earlier. For instance, nuclear, wind, solar, heat recovery or co-generation plants, the biomass plants, hydel, wave and tidal, geo-thermal and many more.
Today, though almost all of them do exist as of the day, the commercial viability has turned out to be with wind and solar power sources. Heat recovery or co-generation plants need a parent plant to exist from where this could be recovered.
Most of the hydel power plants are already in place with little or no scope for further addition; unless we could come up with something different in hydel. Biomass in India is almost non-existent today because of the huge price rise of biomass, shutting down almost all of pure biomass power plants, accounting a loss of over INR 100 billion for the country.
The rest of the options are still on the drawing board and yet to see the light at the end of the tunnel, like that all elusive fusion energy.
That leaves us with just wind and solar to build the renewable power base and feed the power hungry India.
Green hydrogen, green nitrogen and green ammonia, apart from other 'green' gases, are dependent on these power sources as well to produce them! These gases could, at best, act as a power storage mechanism rather than a power generating mechanism.
When we produce green hydrogen, we lose about 20 to 30% of the energy. For storage we need to use another 10% energy to compress them, liquify them or just to store them. And then, when we convert them back to energy, we will be wasting another 20 to 30%. Overall, green gases mean an energy loss of about 60% or in other words, as a storage mechanism they are just about 40% efficient!
Chemical batteries operate at or about 80 to 90% efficiency for storage and retrieval! Battery storage and retrieval efficiencies are improving but yet to reach the desired level of 95%.
All these essentially mean that it is advisable to use the power as they are generated rather than store and use them. Maybe, energy need to be transmitted across the world when you generate and not really store the power. More in line with the One World One Grid concept espoused by the Prime Minister in the Solar One conference three years back.
Sun never sets in the world. It is shining bright at us somewhere on the planet all the time. So get the power generated wherever it shines and transmit it across. The same goes with the wind too! Wind is blowing at some corner of the planet all the time. Capture the energy rather than try storing it.
Therefore, we need to train our guns more on wind and solar and how to harness them better. More research needs to be done to improve the use of these power sources, transmit them more efficiently and of course, to store them too!
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