21/04/2026
📡 MW LINK ALIGNMENT
1. INTRODUCTION
MW Link Alignment means accurately pointing two microwave antennas toward each other so they can transmit and receive signal properly. It is a very important part of microwave communication because even a small alignment error can reduce signal quality, lower throughput, or completely fail the link.
2. WHAT IS A MICROWAVE LINK
A microwave link is a wireless communication system that sends data between two locations using high-frequency radio waves. It is commonly used in telecom networks for backhaul connectivity between towers, buildings, and remote sites.
3. MAIN PURPOSE OF MW LINK ALIGNMENT
The main purpose of alignment is to:
- get maximum received signal level
- improve link stability
- reduce packet loss and errors
- ensure proper throughput
- maintain reliable communication over distance
4. MAIN COMPONENTS OF A MW LINK
A. Antenna or Dish
- Focuses the microwave signal in a narrow direction
- Installed on tower or rooftop
- Needs accurate azimuth and elevation adjustment
B. ODU (Outdoor Unit)
- Mounted behind the antenna
- Handles radio frequency transmission and reception
- Connected to IDU or network equipment
C. IDU (Indoor Unit)
- Installed inside shelter or equipment room
- Handles traffic interface, management, alarm, and data processing
D. IF Cable / Ethernet Cable / Waveguide
- Connects outdoor and indoor equipment depending on system type
E. Mounting Hardware
- Brackets, clamps, pole mount, fine adjustment bolts
F. Tower or Rooftop Structure
- Physical support for antenna installation
5. COMMON MW LINK FREQUENCY BANDS
Microwave links may operate in:
- 6 GHz
- 7 GHz
- 8 GHz
- 11 GHz
- 13 GHz
- 15 GHz
- 18 GHz
- 23 GHz
- 26 GHz
- 38 GHz
- E-band 70/80 GHz
6. BASIC REQUIREMENT FOR MW LINK
Before alignment, these conditions must be checked:
- clear line of sight between both sites
- correct antenna height
- correct antenna size
- proper frequency planning
- correct polarization setup
- stable mounting.
