Chemist Hamid Sandhu

02/07/2024

Thrilled to share that I've recently attended the International Youth Conference - IYC

This incredible experience brought together young minds from around the world to discuss innovation, leadership, and sustainability. I'm grateful for the opportunity to learn from industry experts, connect with like-minded individuals, and gain new insights on how to make a positive impact in our global community.

Feeling inspired and motivated to continue making a difference in my own way. "

15/08/2023

Gas Chromatography Interview Questions and Answer which we usually ask from candidates

• What do you mean by inert Gas?
Ans: Inert gas is non-reactive gas. in general, they do not react with anything or any components, for this reason, they are known as an inert gas.

• What is the difference between ALS and Headspace?
Ans: ALS is used to inject liquid samples and ev***rates them into the column and headspace is used to convert liquid/ solid samples into v***r form and inject them into the column.

• What are gas chromatography detectors?
Ans: Following are the GC Detectors:
Flame ionization detector (FID)
Thermal conductivity detector (TCD)
Nitrogen phosphorous detector (NPD)
Electron capture detector (ECD)
Flame photometric detector (FPD)
Photo ionization detector (PID)
Electrolytic conductivity detector (ELCD)
Mass spectrometer (MS)

• What is the difference between FID and TCD?Ans: FID is a flame ionization of organic compounds by burning the compound in a hydrogen-air flame.
TCD is based on the difference in thermal conductivity properties between carrier gas and the target being detected.

• How many types of columns are used in gas chromatography?
Ans: Mainly two types of columns used in gas chromatography.
Packed column (glass or stainless steel)
Capillary column: (Fused quartz)

• What are the 3 types of autosamplers?
Ans: Headspace autosampler
Liquid autosampler
Solid phase micro extraction (SPME)

• What is the size of the packed & capillary column in GC?
Ans: Packed column length: 1 to 3 meters, internal diameters: 2 to 4 mm.
Capillary column: length (10 to 100 meters) and internal diameters: 0.1 to 1mm.

• Which materials are used in the GC column as a stationary phase?
Ans: For the stationary phase in GC, silicone grease or wax is employed.

• What are the components of gas chromatography?
Ans: Carrier gas>flow controller> injector port> column> column oven> detector> recorder.

• What is the makeup Gas in GC?
Ans: Makeup gas is a gas flow that is used to sweep components through a detector to minimize band broadening. depending on the GC_Brand and detector design, the use of makeup gas can improve sensitivity.

• What is zero air in gas chromatography?
Ans: Zero air is the air that removed hydrocarbon via a process of oxidative catalysis to ensure it only contained less than 0.1 PPM of total hydrocarbons. For these applications, pressurized gas cylinders or a gas generator are typically used to supply zero air.

• Which detector is commonly used in Gas chromatography?
Ans: The flame ionization detector (FID) is most commonly used in gas chromatography for its reliability and sensitivity in detecting organic v***rs or organic types of compounds.

• On what basis molecules are separated in GC?
Ans: In GC molecules are separated on the basis of boiling points. less billing point molecules elute first as compared to more boiling point molecules.

• If boiling points are the same then which molecules elute first?
Ans: In the case of the same boiling points, molecules are separated on basis of the size of their molecules. small size molecules elute first as compared to large size.

• What is the split ratio in GC?
Ans: The split ratio is calculated by dividing the column carrier gas flow rate by the split vent flow rate. for example, For instance, a split ratio of 1:5 indicates that 5 times as much carrier gas is exiting the split vent as is entering the column.

• What are the parameters of the GC calibration?
Ans: Calibration parameters of Gas chromatography (GC) are carrier gas flow accuracy, calibration of flame ionization detector (FID) by linearity measurement, calibration of auto-injector by linearity measurements, calibration for column oven temperature measurements, etc.

• What is the advantage of Gas chromatography?
Ans:Gas chromatography has high-resolution power compared to other methods
High sensitivity
High precision and accuracy
It quickly analyses the sample (in minutes or even in seconds)
Need a small sample (ul-ug)

• What are the disadvantages of Gas chromatography?
Ans:For GC analytes must be thermally stable
Analyte must be relatively volatile

• GC is not possible to operate under biological conditions
If the above conditions are not critical, then GC is probably the best means for analyzing the complex sample.

• What types of molecules elute first in GC?
Ans: Low boiling points are eluting first in GC

17/04/2023

As a chemist, there are many ways in which you can positively contribute to society. Your expertise in chemistry places you in an advantageous position to help solve pressing societal problems by developing novel materials, drugs, and technologies that can change people's lives.

One of the primary ways chemists can make a difference is by developing sustainable solutions to environmental problems. They can do this by developing more efficient methods for producing and storing energy, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and minimizing the use of harmful chemicals. Chemists are integral in developing new materials and technologies that can help the environment; they can help reduce pollution, protect natural resources, and help mitigate climate change. These contributions can help make the planet healthier and more sustainable for future generations.

Another way in which chemists can contribute to society is by working on the creation of innovative, new products that can help people or improve their lives. For example, chemists can develop new drugs that can effectively treat a wide range of diseases, or new materials that can be used to create more efficient and economical batteries, solar panels, and other energy solutions. Chemists can also help to improve the reliability, safety, and efficacy of existing products, such as food additives or pharmaceuticals.

Furthermore, chemists can work to improve public health and safety by developing new methods of analysis for detecting toxins, harmful chemical substances, and pollutants. They can also work to develop new medical and diagnostic tools, devices, and materials that can help diagnosis and treat various diseases.

Finally, chemists can make valuable contributions to society by engaging in science education and outreach programs to encourage people to become interested in science and understand its relevance to everyday life. They can work with young students and the public, introducing them to the fascinating and important role of chemistry in our daily lives.

In short, chemists play a vital role in society with their unique knowledge and skills. By using their expertise, chemists can develop solutions that contribute positively to society, the environment, and our economy, improving the quality of life for people around the world.

16/04/2023

As a chemist, you know that your work is crucial to advancing our understanding of the natural world and improving our lives. From discovering new compounds to developing life-saving drugs, your contributions have a significant impact on society.

Chemistry is a complex and fascinating field, filled with endless possibilities for discovery and innovation. Every day, chemists are working to uncover new knowledge about the chemicals that make up our world and the reactions that govern their behavior. Their work touches every aspect of our lives, from the food we eat to the medicine we take to the materials we use to build our homes and cities.

To be a successful chemist, you must have a strong grasp of the fundamental principles of chemistry, including the properties of matter, the behavior of atoms and molecules, and the laws of thermodynamics. You must also be highly analytical, with a keen eye for detail and a talent for problem-solving.

In addition to conducting scientific research, chemists also play a key role in industry, developing new products and technologies that improve our lives and advance our economy. The pharmaceutical industry, for example, relies heavily on the work of chemists to develop new drugs and treatments for a wide range of diseases and conditions.

At the same time, chemistry has a vital role to play in addressing some of the most pressing environmental challenges of our time. From developing cleaner and more sustainable sources of energy to developing materials and technologies that reduce waste and pollution, chemists are working to make the world a better place.

Whether you are studying chemistry at the undergraduate or graduate level or working as a professional chemist, there is always something new to discover and explore in this exciting field. With hard work, dedication, and a passion for science, you can make a real difference in the world as a chemist.

10/01/2023

06/01/2023

Have you ever observed 🤩

29/12/2022

Interesting:
How can we save a major injury even from the death by using nitrogen air bags. How it works the chemistry given behind this .

The chemical at the heart of the air bag reaction is called sodium azide, or NaN3. CRASHES trip sensors in cars that send an electric signal to an ignitor. The heat generated causes sodium azide to decompose into sodium metal and nitrogen gas,
2 NaN3 --> 2 Na + 3 N2
After this expert add KNO3 to control sodium because when sodium react with air moisture become corrosive base NaOH in air bags.

27/12/2022

The Letter "J" is the only one not found on Periodic table ....
Check and tell me below the comment 🤩

27/12/2022

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